map reading basics for ncc dec 2023 ajay dev kanpur Madhuvan Psit

Definition of Map

A map is a representation of the Earth's surface on a flat surface. Maps are used to show the location of features such as roads, rivers, cities, and mountains. Maps can be used for a variety of purposes, including navigation, planning, and education.

Image of mapOpens in a new windowmapsofworld.com

Conventional Signs

Conventional signs are symbols that are used on maps to represent different features. Conventional signs are standardized so that they can be understood by people from all over the world. Some common conventional signs include:

  • Roads: Maps use different types of lines to represent different types of roads. For example, a thick solid line represents a major highway, while a thin dashed line represents a minor road.
    Image of conventional signs for roadsOpens in a new windowcivilengineeringx.com
  • Rivers: Rivers are represented by blue lines on maps. The width of the line represents the size of the river.
    Image of conventional signs for riversOpens in a new windowbrainly.in
  • Cities and towns: Cities and towns are represented by symbols that vary in size and complexity depending on the size of the city or town.
    Image of conventional signs for cities and townsOpens in a new windowethiopialearning.com
  • Mountains: Mountains are represented by brown contours on maps. The closer together the contours are, the steeper the slope.
    Image of conventional signs for mountainsOpens in a new windowwww.brainkart.com

Scale and Grid System

Scale is the relationship between the distance on a map and the actual distance on the ground. For example, a map with a scale of 1:25,000 means that every 1 centimeter on the map corresponds to 25,000 centimeters on the ground.

The grid system is a system of lines that is used to divide a map into squares. The grid system can be used to locate features on a map and to measure distances.

Topographical Forms and Technical Terms

Topographical forms are the features that are shown on a map. Technical terms are the words that are used to describe these features. Some common topographical forms include:

  • Relief: Relief is the difference in elevation between two points. Relief is shown on maps by using contours.
  • Contours: Contours are lines that connect points of equal elevation. Contours are used to show the shape of the land.
  • Gradients: Gradients are the slopes of the land. Gradients are shown on maps by the spacing of contours.

Cardinal Points and Types of North

The cardinal points are the four main directions: north, south, east, and west. There are three types of north:

  • True north: True north is the direction towards the North Pole.
  • Magnetic north: Magnetic north is the direction that a compass needle points to.
  • Grid north: Grid north is the direction that is used on maps. Grid north is usually different from true north and magnetic north.

Magnetic Variation and Grid Convergence

Magnetic variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north. Grid convergence is the difference between grid north and true north. Magnetic variation and grid convergence are shown on maps by using a compass declination diagram.

Conclusion

Map reading is an essential skill for NCC cadets. By understanding the definition of a map, conventional signs, scale and grid system, topographical forms and technical terms, relief, contours and gradients, cardinal points and types of north, magnetic variation and grid convergence, NCC cadets can use maps to navigate terrain, find their way around unfamiliar areas, and plan and execute military operations.

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